The Dark Side of Holi: Understanding the Environmental Impact of Festivities

Written by: Maniska Nayak

A time of ecstasy for all, the Holi festival is a core memory of most Indian childhoods. The bright colours that children playfully smear on each other’s’ faces are nearly as colourful as their dazzling smiles. It is a time when people of all ages come together to spend time with their loved ones, and enjoy mouthwatering dishes and sweetmeats. However, a colourful time of such joy has a dark side.

While we rejoice together in the comfort of our own homes, our environment writhes in agony, as its pleas fall on deaf ears. The vibrant colours we use have serious effects on air, water bodies and vegetation. Scientific studies carried out by Roy Gardner and Deepanjali Lal prove that the powdered colours are made up of highly structured polymers that are difficult to decompose biologically. The dry colours (gulal) increase the particulate matter. Particulate matter are microscopic particles of solid or liquid matter suspended in the air. If inhaled, they may cause serious health problems. The US Environmental Protection Agency states that some particulates can get deep into our lungs, and even our bloodstream.

According to a study conducted by Katharina Buchholz, Holi incites an increase of almost 600% in particulate matter, tremendously escalating the air pollution.

The bright colours are visually pleasing. However, they are quite dangerous when brought in contact with human skin. Dr Tushar Tayal, Consultant-Internal Medicine of CK Birla Hospital has described multiple adverse effects of these colours. Toxic compounds present in gulal (dry colours) can cause irritation, redness and itching of skin. They are also responsible for eye irritation and temporary blindness. Some chemicals used in Holi colours are carcinogenic, such as lead and chromium, and can heighten the risk of cancer with prolonged exposure.

Another major risk Holi colours carry is water pollution. When the colours are washed off after the festivities, they can contaminate water bodies and harm aquatic life with the toxic substances they contain. In addition, they also contribute to soil contamination, affecting soil fertility, rate of plant growth and the size of crop yield. This also affects biodiversity and health of the ecosystem.

Holi festivities generate a staggering amount of waste. A report by the Central Pollution Control Board states that around 125,000 tonnes of waste were generated in 2019, with 1,000 tonnes of plastic from colour wrappers, plastic bags and water balloons, which are non-biodegradable.

However, it is not too late to fix our mistakes. All that is needed for an environmentally-friendly Holi are a few simple modifications, which require nothing more than the will to make our world a greener and cleaner place.

For an eco-friendly Holi, the usage of natural colours derived from plant-based sources is recommended. These colours are biodegradable, non-toxic and widely available. To reduce wastage of water, opt for dry gulal or other easily washable alternatives, instead of colours that last weeks on skin. Biodegradable materials are much better for the environment, as they are easily decomposed. However, they tend to be expensive. An alternative that mitigates the amount of environmentally damaging waste is the recycling of the plastic toys.

The most important step that can turn our dreary situation over a new leaf is spreading awareness. Awareness is one of the greatest harbingers of change. Educational seminars, workshops and campaigns can provide information to the general public, helping them improvise and implement sustainable methods to protect our surroundings. Incorporating in-depth environmental studies into school curricula can foster awareness among the younger generation, as they are the largest participants in Holi celebration. With the new found information, they can greatly contribute towards the protection of the environment

In conclusion, just a few simple changes can contribute towards a brighter and greener future for us all. By embracing natural colours, less water, recycling, biodegradable materials and spreading awareness, let us celebrate a delightful Holi in harmony with our beloved environment. Happy Holi to all!

CITATIONS

Author: Heena Shah, 05 Mar 2023, < https://www.gomantaktimes.com/lifestyle/this-year-heres-how-to-make-holi-a-low-waste-celebration> Accessed on: 06 April 2024

Author: Piyush, 21 Mar 2024 < https://www.studyiq.com/articles/environmental-impact-of-holi/> Accessed on: 06 April 2024